Public Company Edition: Aileron, Talaris and Frequency said they will reduce expenses and seek options for maximizing shareholder returns under tough stock market conditions. However, CureVac and Supernus are among firms recently able to access new cash – $250m and $150m, respectively.

Public Company Edition: NGM went public a week after Genfit, but endured a rockier start, trading below its IPO price. Also, Blueprint, Tricida and Sangamo launch large offerings after positive clinical and regulatory updates.

Suzhou-based immuno-oncology specialist CStone raised a $260m Series B round and Brii launched with $260m in Series A cash to develop drugs for the China market. Also, multiple start-ups launched recently with more than $50m in Series A rounds, including Ansun, Beam, Casma, Celsius and Neurana.

With an average return of 33.2% in 2017, the number of biopharma IPOs that launched last year rose to 42 after falling to 30 in 2016 compared with 62 in 2015. Following a rough fourth quarter for biopharma stocks, will the IPO momentum continue in 2018?